A local wetland CEPA project:
Ramsar Jouyaku-wo Katsuyou-shiyou
ラムサール条約を活用しよう
- Introducing Ramsar tools for conservation and wise use of wetlands in Japanese language -
－湿地保全のツールを読み解く－

A local wetland CEPA project:
Ramsar Jouyaku-wo Katsuyou-shiyou
- Introducing Ramsar tools for conservation and wise use of wetlands in Japanese language -
by Biwa-ko Ramsar Kenkyu-kai (Biwa-ko Wetland Study Group), 2001-2008

Contents of the site

Home page

Chapter 1: Introduction to the Ramsar Convention

1. "What is the Ramsar Convention" by Dr. Satoshi Kobayashi, presentation at "Ramsar Symposium Niigata 1996".
2. "The objectives and roles of the Ramsar Convention" by Dr. Mike Smart, presentation at "Asian Wetland Symposium 1993".

1. "Ramsar Convention and future wetland conservation" by Prof. Tatsuichi Tsujii, Hokusei Gakuen Univ.
2. "Key areas for waterbirds in the Biwa-ko" by Mr. Hisashi Sugawa, Ryukoku Univ.
3. "Significance of the Biwa-ko in the East Asian Flyway of Anatidae species" by Mr. Yoshihiko Miyabayashi, Anatidae Flyway Officer.
4. "Wintering ecology of Middendorf's Bean Goose and conservation of their habitat in the northern part of Biwa-ko" by Mr. Satoru Murakami et al., Univ. of Shiga Prefecture.
5. "Biwa-ko as a Ramsar Site" by Dr. Motokazu Ando, Kankyo Kagaku Co. Ltd.

Chapter 2: Wetland issues considered in the Convention

1. "Local planning guided by the Strategic Plan of the Convention" (2008), introduction to the draft Strategic Plan for 2009-2014 (COP10 DR 1).
2. "Wise use of wetlands" (2006), introduction to RES IX.1 Annex A.
3. "Local involvement" (2001), introduction to RES VII.8.
4. "Communication, Education, and Public Awareness (CEPA)" (2001), introduction to RES VII.9; and,
   "Opportunity of World Wetlands Day for CEPA efforts" (2006), and introduction to themes of WWD 2007, 2008, 2009.
5. "Invasive species" (2001), introduction to RES VII.14 and its Background Document: COP7 DOC. 24.
6. "Integrated riverbasin management" (2001), introduction to RES VII.18.
7. "Wetland restoration and mitigation" (2001), introduction to RES VII.23, RES VII.24, RES VII.17, and RES VII.20.
8. "Waterbird Population Estimates and Criteria for Ramsar sites" (2007), attaching data table of 1% threshold for the populations applicable to the Japanese wetlands.
9. "Asia Pacific Migratory Waterbird Conservation Strategy" (2001), introduction to REC 7.3.

Chapter 3: Towards the conservation and wise use of wetlands in Biwa-ko

1. "Conservation efforts in Biwa-ko suggested under the Convention" by Mr. Satoru Murakami, 2001.
2. "Ramsar initiatives and 9th International Conference on the Conservation and Management of Lakes, Shiga Japan 2001" by Mr. Satoru Murakami, 2001.
3. "Wise use in Biwa-ko, in past 10 years after Ramsar designation and future efforts" by Dr. Motokazu Ando, 2003.
4. "Reviewing wetland conservation in the lake Biwa-ko in line with the Ramsar Strategic Plan" by Mr. Satoru Murakami, Mr. Yoshihiko Miyabayashi, and Mr. Hisashi Sugawa, 2008.

Appendix: References

• "Publication of booklet of this project", published on Nov. 2001.
• "Ramsar glossary";
  "Thematic list of Ramsar guidelines and guidances";     [⇵ List of documents]
  • A Conceptual Framework for the wise use of wetlands and the maintenance of their ecological character (2005)
  • Guidelines on the implementation of the wise use concept (1990)
  • Additional guidance on the implementation of the wise use concept (1993)
  • Guidelines for developing and implementing National Wetland Policies (1999)
  • Guidelines for reviewing laws and institutions to promote the conservation and wise use of wetlands (1999)
  • Guidelines for integrating wetland conservation and wise use into river basin management (1999)
  • River basin management: additional guidance and a framework for the analysis of case studies (2005)
  • Guidelines for establishing and strengthening local communities' and indigenous people's participation in the management of wetlands (1999)
  • Programme on communication, education and public awareness (CEPA) 2003-2008 of the Convention on Wetlands (2002)
    • Additional Guidance on Reviewing and Action Planning for Wetland CEPA (2004)
  • Strategic Framework for the List of Wetlands of International Importance, edition 2006
    • Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) 2006-2008 version
  • New Guidelines for management planning for Ramsar sites and other wetlands (2002)
  • Wetland Risk Assessment Framework (1999)
  • Guidelines for the rapid assessment of inland, coastal and marine wetland biodiversity (2005)
  • Guidelines for the operation of the Montreux Record (1996)
  • Principles and guidelines for wetland restoration (2002)
  • Guidelines for international cooperation under the Ramsar Convention (1999)
  • An Integrated Framework for wetland inventory, assessment and monitoring (2005)
  • A Framework for Wetland Inventory (2002)
  • An Integrated Framework for the Ramsar Convention's water-related guidance (2005)
  • Guidelines for the allocation and management of water for maintaining the ecological functions of wetlands (2002)
  • Guidelines for the management of groundwater to maintain wetland ecological character (2005)
  • Principles and guidelines for incorporating wetland issues into Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) (2002)
  • Guidelines for Global Action on Peatlands (2002)
  
  "Contents of the Ramsar Handbook for the Wise Use of Wetlands, 3rd Edition" with identifying documents yet to be translated into Japanese language.
• "Convention text".
• "COP10 references", providing links to reports, documents and references by the Convention and other organisations, including Japanese translations of COP10 Provisional Agenda, draft Strategic Plan & CEPA Programme for 2009-2014, etc, in progress.
• "COP9 Resolutions"     [⇵ List of RES]
  • RES IX.1: Additional scientific and technical guidance for implementing the Ramsar wise use concept.
  • RES IX.1 Annex A: A Conceptual Framework for the wise use of wetlands and the maintenance of their ecological character.
  • RES IX.1 Annex B: Revised Strategic Framework and guidelines for the future development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance.
  • RES IX.1 Annex C: An Integrated Framework for the Ramsar Convention's water-related guidance.
  • RES IX.1 Annex Ci: River basin management: additional guidance and a framework for the analysis of case studies.
  • RES IX.1 Annex Cii: Guidelines for the management of groundwater to maintain wetland ecological character.
  • RES IX.1 Annex D: Ecological “outcome-oriented” indicators for assessing the implementation effectiveness of the Ramsar Convention.
  • RES IX.1 Annex E: An Integrated Framework for wetland inventory, assessment and monitoring (IF-WIAM).
  • RES IX.1 Annex Ei: Guidelines for the rapid assessment of inland, coastal and marine wetland biodiversity.
  • RES IX.2: Future implementation of scientific and technical aspects of the Convention.
  • RES IX.3: Engagement of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands in ongoing multilateral processes dealing with water.
  • RES IX.4: The Ramsar Convention and conservation, production and sustainable use of fisheries resources.
  • RES IX.5: Synergies with other international organizations dealing with biological diversity; including collaboration on, and harmonization of, national reporting among biodiversity-related conventions and agreements.
  • RES IX.6: Guidance for addressing Ramsar sites or parts of sites which no longer meet the Criteria for designation.
  • RES IX.7: Regional initiatives in the framework of the Ramsar Convention.
  • RES IX.8: Streamlining the implementation of the Strategic Plan of the Convention 2003-2008.
  • RES IX.9: The role of the Ramsar Convention in the prevention and mitigation of impacts associated with natural phenomena, including those induced or exacerbated by human activities.
  • RES IX.10: Use of the term and status of the “Ramsar Secretariat”.
  • RES IX.11: Revised modus operandi of the Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP).
  • RES IX.12: Financial and budgetary matters.
  • RES IX.13: Evaluation of the Ramsar Endowment Fund as a mechanism to resource the Small Grants Fund.
  • RES IX.14: Wetlands and poverty reduction.
  • RES IX.15: The status of sites in the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
  • RES IX.16: The Convention's International Organization Partners (IOPs).
  • RES IX.17: Review of the decisions of the Conference of the Contracting Parties.
  • RES IX.18: Establishment of an Oversight Panel for the CEPA activities of the Convention.
  • RES IX.19: The importance of regional wetland symposia in effectively implementing the Ramsar Convention.
  • RES IX.20: Integrated, cross-biome planning and management of wetlands, especially in small island developing states.
  • RES IX.21: Taking into account the cultural values of wetlands.
  • RES IX.22: Ramsar sites and systems of protected areas.
  • RES IX.23: Highly pathogenic avian influenza and its consequences for wetland and waterbird conservation and wise use.
  • RES IX.24: Improving management of the Ramsar Convention.
  • RES IX.25: Thanks to the host country.
• "COP9 references", providing links to reports, documents and references by the Convention and other organisations.
• "COP8 Resolutions"     [⇵ List of RES]
  • RES VIII.1: Guidelines for the allocation and management of water for maintaining the ecological functions of wetlands.
  • RES VIII.2: The Report of the World Commission on Dams (WCD) and its relevance to the Ramsar Convention.
  • RES VIII.3: Climate change and wetlands: impacts, adaptation, and mitigation.
  • RES VIII.4: Principles and guidelines for incorporating wetland issues into Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM).
  • RES VIII.5: Partnerships and synergies with Multilateral Environmental Agreements and other institutions.
  • RES VIII.6: A Ramsar Framework for Wetland Inventory.
  • RES VIII.7: Gaps in and harmonization of Ramsar guidance on wetland ecological character, inventory, assessment, and monitoring.
  • RES VIII.8: Assessing and reporting the status and trends of wetlands, and the implementation of Article 3.2 of the Convention.
  • RES VIII.9: 'Guidelines for incorporating biodiversity-related issues into environmental impact assessment legislation and/or processes and in strategic environmental assessment' adopted by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), and their relevance to the Ramsar Convention.
  • RES VIII.10: Improving implementation of the Strategic Framework and Vision for the List of Wetlands of International Importance.
  • RES VIII.11: Additional guidance for identifying and designating under-represented wetland types as Wetlands of International Importance; Annex has been incorporated into Strategic Framework for the List of Wetlands of International Importance, edition 2002.
  • RES VIII.12: Enhancing the wise use and conservation of mountain wetlands.
  • RES VIII.13: Enhancing the information on Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar sites); Annex has been incorporated into Strategic Framework for the List of Wetlands of International Importance, edition 2002.
  • RES VIII.14: New Guidelines for management planning for Ramsar sites and other wetlands.
  • RES VIII.15: The 'San Jose Record' for the promotion of wetland management.
  • RES VIII.16: Principles and guidelines for wetland restoration.
  • RES VIII.17: Guidelines for Global Action on Peatlands.
  • RES VIII.18: Invasive species and wetlands.
  • RES VIII.19: Guiding principles for taking into account the cultural values of wetlands for the effective management of sites.
  • RES VIII.20: General guidance for interpreting "urgent national interests" under Article 2.5 of the Convention and considering compensation under Article 4.2.
  • RES VIII.21: Defining Ramsar site boundaries more accurately in Ramsar Information Sheets.
  • RES VIII.22: Issues concerning Ramsar sites that cease to fulfil or never fulfilled the Criteria for designation as Wetlands of International Importance.
  • RES VIII.23: Incentive measures as tools for achieving the wise use of wetlands.
  • RES VIII.24: UNEP's Guidelines for enhancing compliance with multilateral environmental agreements, and Guidelines for national enforcement, and international cooperation in combating violations, of laws implementing multilateral environmental agreements.
  • RES VIII.25: The Ramsar Strategic Plan 2003-2008.
  • RES VIII.26: The implementation of the Strategic Plan 2003-2008 during the triennium 2003-2005 and National Reports for Ramsar COP9.
  • RES VIII.27: Financial and budgetary matters.
  • RES VIII.28: Modus operandi of the Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP).
  • RES VIII.29: Evaluation of the Ramsar Small Grants Fund for Wetland Conservation and Wise Use (SGF) and establishment of a Ramsar Endowment Fund.
  • RES VIII.30: Regional initiatives for the further implementation of the Convention.
  • RES VIII.31: The Convention's Programme on communication, education and public awareness (CEPA) 2003-2008; in response to the resolution developed Additional Guidance on Reviewing and Action Planning for Wetland Communication, Education and Public Awareness (CEPA); and COP9 DOC.25.
  • RES VIII.32: Conservation, integrated management, and sustainable use of mangrove ecosystems and their resources.
  • RES VIII.33: Guidance for identifying, sustainably managing, and designating temporary pools as Wetlands of International Importance; Annex has been incorporated into Strategic Framework for the List of Wetlands of International Importance, edition 2002.
  • RES VIII.34: Agriculture, wetlands and water resource management.
  • RES VIII.35: The impact of natural disasters, particularly drought, on wetland ecosystems.
  • RES VIII.36: Participatory Environmental Management (PEM) as a tool for management and wise use of wetlands.
  • RES VIII.37: International cooperation on conservation of migratory waterbirds and their habitats in the Asia-Pacific region.
  • RES VIII.38: Waterbird population estimates and the identification and designation of Wetlands of International Importance.
  • RES VIII.39: High Andean wetlands as strategic ecosystems.
  • RES VIII.40: Guidelines for rendering the use of groundwater compatible with the conservation of wetlands.
  • RES VIII.41: Establishment of a Regional Ramsar Centre for Training and Research on Wetlands in Western and Central Asia.
  • RES VIII.42: Small Island Developing States in the Oceania Region.
  • RES VIII.43: A subregional strategy of the Ramsar Convention for South America.
  • RES VIII.44: New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) and implementation of the Ramsar Convention in Africa.
  • RES VIII.45: Operation of the Conference of the Contracting Parties and the effectiveness of Ramsar Convention Resolutions and Recommendations.
  • RES VIII.46: Thanks to the people and governments of Spain.
• "COP7 Resolutions and Recommendations"     [⇵ List of RES & Rec]
  • RES VII.1: Regional categorization of countries under the Convention, and composition, roles and responsibilities of the Standing Committee, including tasks of Standing Committee members.
  • RES VII.2: Composition and modus operandi of the Convention's Scientific and Technical Review Panel (STRP).
  • RES VII.3: Partnerships with international organizations.
  • RES VII.4: Partnerships and cooperation with other Conventions, including harmonized information management infrastructures.
  • RES VII.5: Critical evaluation of the Convention's Small Grants Fund for Wetland Conservation and Wise Use (SGF) and its future operations.
  • RES VII.6: Guidelines for developing and implementing National Wetland Policies; Annex.
  • RES VII.7: Guidelines for reviewing laws and institutions to promote the conservation and wise use of wetlands; Annex.
  • RES VII.8: Guidelines for establishing and strengthening local communities' and indigenous people's participation in the management of wetlands; Annex.
  • RES VII.9: The Convention's Outreach Programme, 1999-2002; Annex.
  • RES VII.10: Wetland Risk Assessment Framework; Annex.
  • RES VII.11: Strategic Framework and guidelines for the future development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance; Annex has been incorporated into Strategic Framework for the List of Wetlands of International Importance, edition 2002.
  • RES VII.12: Sites in the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance: official descriptions, conservation status, and management plans, including the situation of particular sites in the territories of specific Contracting Parties.
  • RES VII.13: Guidelines for identifying and designating karst and other subterranean hydrological systems as Wetlands of International Importance; Annex has been incorporated into Strategic Framework for the List of Wetlands of International Importance, edition 2002.
  • RES VII.14: Invasive species and wetlands.
  • RES VII.15: Incentive measures to encourage the application of the wise use principle.
  • RES VII.16: The Ramsar Convention and impact assessment: strategic, environmental and social.
  • RES VII.17: Restoration as an element of national planning for wetland conservation and wise use.
  • RES VII.18: Guidelines for integrating wetland conservation and wise use into river basin management; Annex.
  • RES VII.19: Guidelines for international cooperation under the Ramsar Convention; Annex.
  • RES VII.20: Priorities for wetland inventory.
  • RES VII.21: Enhancing the conservation and wise use of intertidal wetlands.
  • RES VII.22: Collaborative structure for Mediterranean wetlands.
  • RES VII.23: Issues concerning the boundary definitions of Ramsar sites and compensation of wetland habitats.
  • RES VII.24: Compensation for lost wetland habitats and other functions.
  • RES VII.25: Measuring environmental quality in wetlands.
  • RES VII.26: Creation of a Regional Ramsar Centre for Training and Research on Wetlands in the Western Hemisphere.
  • RES VII.27: The Convention Work Plan 2000-2002; Annex.
  • RES VII.28: Financial and budgetary matters.
  • RES VII.29: Thanks to the host country.
  • RES VII.30: Status of Yugoslavia in the Ramsar Convention.
  • Rec 7.1: A global action plan for the wise use and management of peatlands.
  • Rec 7.2: Small Island Developing States, island wetland ecosystems, and the Ramsar Convention.
  • Rec 7.3: Multilateral cooperation on the conservation of migratory waterbirds in the Asia-Pacific region.
  • Rec 7.4: The Wetlands for the Future Initiative.
• "COP6 Resolutions and Recommendations"     [⇵ List of RES & Rec]
  • RES VI.1: Working definitions of ecological character, guidelines for describing and maintaining the ecological character of listed sites, and guidelines for operation of the Montreux Record; Annex § 3. Guidelines for operation of the Montreux Record; Montreux Record - Questionnaire.
  • RES VI.2: Adoption of specific criteria based on fish for identifying Wetlands of International Importance; Annex has been incorporated into Strategic Framework for the List of Wetlands of International Importance, edition 2002.
  • RES VI.3: Review of the Ramsar Criteria for identifying Wetlands of International Importance and the accompanying guidelines.
  • RES VI.4: Adoption of population estimates for operation of the specific criteria based on waterfowl.
  • RES VI.5: Inclusion of subterranean karst wetlands as a wetland type under the Ramsar Classification System.
  • RES VI.6: The Wetland Conservation Fund.
  • RES VI.7: The Scientific and Technical Review Panel.
  • RES VI.8: Secretary General matters.
  • RES VI.9: Cooperation with the Convention on Biological Diversity.
  • RES VI.10: Cooperation with the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and its implementing agencies: the World Bank, UNDP and UNEP.
  • RES VI.11: Consolidation of Recommendations and Resolutions of the Conference of the Contracting Parties.
  • RES VI.12: National Wetland Inventories and candidate sites for listing.
  • RES VI.13: Submission of information on sites designated for the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance.
  • RES VI.14: The Ramsar 25th Anniversary Statement, the Strategic Plan 1997-2002, and the Bureau Work Programme 1997-1999; Annex: Strategic Plan 1997-2002.
  • RES VI.15: Amendment of the Rules of Procedure as of the 7th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties.
  • RES VI.16: Accession procedures.
  • RES VI.17: Financial and budgetary matters.
  • RES VI.18: Establishment of the Ramsar Wetland Conservation Award.
  • RES VI.19: Education and public awareness.
  • RES VI.20: Thanks to the people and governments of Australia.
  • RES VI.21: Assessment and reporting on the status of wetlands.
  • RES VI.22: Consideration of overall cost reduction and in particular of possible relocation of the Ramsar Bureau and its operations.
  • RES VI.23: Ramsar and water.
  • Rec 6.1: Conservation of peatlands.
  • Rec 6.2: Environmental Impact Assessment.
  • Rec 6.3: Involving local and indigenous people in the management of Ramsar wetlands.
  • Rec 6.4: The "Brisbane Initiative" on the establishment of a network of listed sites along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway.
  • Rec 6.5: Establishment of further wetland manager training programmes.
  • Rec 6.6: Appointment of regionally-based Ramsar liaison officers.
  • Rec 6.7: Conservation and wise use of coral reefs and associated ecosystems.
  • Rec 6.8: Strategic planning in coastal zones.
  • Rec 6.9: Framework for National Wetland Policy development and implementation.
  • Rec 6.10: Promotion of cooperation on the economic valuation of wetlands.
  • Rec 6.11: Continuing collaboration for Mediterranean wetlands.
  • Rec 6.12: Conservation and wise use in private and public funded activities.
  • Rec 6.13: Guidelines on management planning for Ramsar sites and other wetlands.
  • Rec 6.14: Toxic chemicals.
  • Rec 6.15: Restoration of wetlands.
  • Rec 6.16: Conservation and wise use of wetlands in bilateral and multilateral development cooperation programmes.
  • Rec 6.17: Ramsar sites in the territories of specific Contracting Parties.
    Rec 6.17.1: Greek Ramsar sites.
    Rec 6.17.2: National Reserve of Paracas and the national strategy for the conservation of wetlands in Peru.
    Rec 6.17.3: Azraq Oasis, Jordan.
    Rec 6.17.4: Australian Ramsar sites.
    Rec 6.17.5: The Lower Danube Basin.
  • Rec 6.18: Conservation and wise use of wetlands in the Pacific Islands region.
• "COP5 Resolutions and Recommendations"     [⇵ List of RES & Rec]
  • RES 5.1: The Kushiro Statement and the framework for the implementation of the Convention; Annex 1: The Kushiro Statement.
  • RES 5.2: Financial and budgetary matters.
  • RES 5.3: Procedure for initial designation of sites for the List of Wetlands of International Importance; Annex 1: Review procedure for listed sites which may not qualify under any of the Criteria established by Recommendation 4.2.
  • RES 5.4: The record of Ramsar sites where changes in ecological character have occurred, are occurring, or are likely to occur ("Montreux Record"); Annex.
  • RES 5.5: Establishment of a Scientific and Technical Review Panel.
  • RES 5.6: The wise use of wetlands; Annex: Additional Guidance for the Implementation of the Wise Use Concept.
  • RES 5.7: Management planning for Ramsar sites and other wetlands; Annex: Guidelines on Management Planning for Ramsar Sites and Other Wetlands [Superseded by the 2002 Guidelines].
  • RES 5.8: Future funding and operation of the Ramsar Wetland Conservation Fund.
  • RES 5.9: Application of the Ramsar Criteria for Identifying Wetlands of International Importance.
  • Rec 5.1: Ramsar sites in the territories of specific Contracting Parties.
    Rec 5.1.1: Greek Ramsar sites.
    Rec 5.1.2: Cuare, Venezuela.
    Rec 5.1.3: Lower Danube Basin.
  • Rec 5.2: Guidelines for interpretation of Article 3 ("ecological character" and "change in ecological character").
  • Rec 5.3: The essential character of wetlands and the need for zonation related to wetland reserves.
  • Rec 5.4: The relationship between the Ramsar Convention, the Global Environment Facility and the Convention on Biological Diversity.
  • Rec 5.5: Inclusion of conservation and wise use of wetlands in multilateral and bilateral development cooperation programmes.
  • Rec 5.6: The role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the Ramsar Convention.
  • Rec 5.7: National Committees.
  • Rec 5.8: Measures to promote public awareness of wetland values in wetland reserves.
  • Rec 5.9: Establishment of Ramsar guidelines on Wetlands of International Importance as fish habitat.
  • Rec 5.10: The 25th anniversary wetland campaign for 1996.
  • Rec 5.11: The new Bureau headquarters in Switzerland.
  • Rec 5.12: Thanks to the Japanese hosts.
  • Rec 5.13: Promotion and strengthening of the Ramsar Neotropical Region.
  • Rec 5.14: Collaboration for Mediterranean Wetlands.
  • Rec 5.15: Working languages of the Conference of the Contracting Parties.
• "COP4 Resolutions and Recommendations"     [⇵ List of RES & Rec]
  • [No resolution has been translated into Japanese].
  • Rec 4.1: Wetland restoration.
  • Rec 4.4: Establishment of wetland reserves.
  • Rec 4.6: Establishment of national scientific inventories of potential Ramsar sites.
  • Rec 4.7: Mechanisms for improved application of the Ramsar Convention.
  • Rec 4.8: Change in ecological character of Ramsar sites [and establishment of the Montreux Record].
  • Rec 4.10: Guidelines for the implementation of the wise use concept; Annex.
  • [No other recommendation has been translated into Japanese].
• "COP3 Resolutions and Recommendations"     [No resolution or recommendation has been translated into Japanese].
• "COP2 Recommendations"     [No recommendation has been translated into Japanese].
• "COP1 Recommendations"     [No recommendation has been translated into Japanese].
• "Ramsar information pack: The cultural heritage of wetlands", and its PDF file.